ROHHAD

ROHHAD is an acronym for rapid-onset obesity (RO) with hypothalamic dysregulation (H), hypoventilation (H), and autonomic dysregulation (AD). It is a rare, life-threatening syndrome that affects the autonomic nervous system (which controls involuntary actions like breathing and your heartbeat) and the endocrine system.

As the name suggests, the key features include dramatic weight gain over a six- to 12-month period in the first 10 years of life, followed by hypothalamic dysfunction, dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, and alveolar hypoventilation. Children with ROHHAD appear to have normal growth, development, and general health prior to onset of symptoms. The cause of ROHHAD is currently unknown. Treatment varies based on the signs and symptoms present in each person.